- Knowledge of computer networking concepts and protocols, and network security methodologies.
- Knowledge of risk management processes (e.g., methods for assessing and mitigating risk).
- Knowledge of laws, regulations, policies, and ethics as they relate to cybersecurity and privacy.
- Knowledge of cybersecurity and privacy principles.
- Knowledge of cyber threats and vulnerabilities.
- Knowledge of specific operational impacts of cybersecurity lapses.
- Knowledge of applicable business processes and operations of customer organizations.
- Knowledge of encryption algorithms
- Knowledge of data backup and recovery.
- Knowledge of business continuity and disaster recovery continuity of operations plans.
- Knowledge of host/network access control mechanisms (e.g., access control list, capabilities lists).
- Knowledge of cybersecurity and privacy principles used to manage risks related to the use, processing, storage, and transmission of information or data.
- Knowledge of vulnerability information dissemination sources (e.g., alerts, advisories, errata, and bulletins).
- Knowledge of incident response and handling methodologies.
- Knowledge of industry-standard and organizationally accepted analysis principles and methods.
- Knowledge of intrusion detection methodologies and techniques for detecting host and network-based intrusions.
- Knowledge of Risk Management Framework (RMF) requirements.
- Knowledge of measures or indicators of system performance and availability.
- Knowledge of current industry methods for evaluating, implementing, and disseminating information technology (IT) security assessment, monitoring, detection, and remediation tools and procedures utilizing standards-based concepts and capabilities.
- Knowledge of network traffic analysis methods.
- Knowledge of new and emerging information technology (IT) and cybersecurity technologies.
- Knowledge of how traffic flows across the network (e.g., Transmission Control Protocol [TCP] and Internet Protocol [IP], Open System Interconnection Model [OSI], Information Technology Infrastructure Library, current version [ITIL]).
- Knowledge of system and application security threats and vulnerabilities (e.g., buffer overflow, mobile code, cross-site scripting, Procedural Language/Structured Query Language [PL/SQL] and injections, race conditions, covert channel, replay, return-oriented attacks, malicious code).
- Knowledge of resource management principles and techniques.
- Knowledge of server administration and systems engineering theories, concepts, and methods.
- Knowledge of server and client operating systems.
- Knowledge of system software and organizational design standards, policies, and authorized approaches (e.g., International Organization for Standardization [ISO] guidelines) relating to system design.
- Knowledge of system life cycle management principles, including software security and usability.
- Knowledge of technology integration processes.
- Knowledge of the organization's enterprise information technology (IT) goals and objectives.
- Knowledge of what constitutes a network attack and a network attack's relationship to both threats and vulnerabilities.
- Knowledge of information security program management and project management principles and techniques.
- Knowledge of Supply Chain Risk Management Practices (NIST SP 800-161)
- Knowledge of organization's risk tolerance and/or risk management approach.
- Knowledge of enterprise incident response program, roles, and responsibilities.
- Knowledge of current and emerging threats/threat vectors.
- Knowledge of critical information technology (IT) procurement requirements.
- Knowledge of system administration, network, and operating system hardening techniques.
- Knowledge of applicable laws, statutes (e.g., in Titles 10, 18, 32, 50 in U.S. Code), Presidential Directives, executive branch guidelines, and/or administrative/criminal legal guidelines and procedures.
- Knowledge of information technology (IT) supply chain security and supply chain risk management policies, requirements, and procedures.
- Knowledge of critical infrastructure systems with information communication technology that were designed without system security considerations.
- Knowledge of network security architecture concepts including topology, protocols, components, and principles (e.g., application of defense-in-depth).
- Knowledge of network systems management principles, models, methods (e.g., end-to-end systems performance monitoring), and tools.
- Knowledge of security architecture concepts and enterprise architecture reference models (e.g., Zachman, Federal Enterprise Architecture [FEA]).
- Knowledge of Personally Identifiable Information (PII) data security standards.
- Knowledge of Payment Card Industry (PCI) data security standards.
- Knowledge of Personal Health Information (PHI) data security standards.
- Knowledge of laws, policies, procedures, or governance relevant to cybersecurity for critical infrastructures.
- Knowledge of an organization's information classification program and procedures for information compromise.
- Knowledge of network protocols such as TCP/IP, Dynamic Host Configuration, Domain Name System (DNS), and directory services.
- Knowledge of penetration testing principles, tools, and techniques.
- Knowledge of controls related to the use, processing, storage, and transmission of data.
- Knowledge of Application Security Risks (e.g. Open Web Application Security Project Top 10 list)
Information Systems Security Manager
Responsible for the cybersecurity of a program, organization, system, or enclave.
- Skill in creating policies that reflect system security objectives.
- Skill in determining how a security system should work (including its resilience and dependability capabilities) and how changes in conditions, operations, or the environment will affect these outcomes.
- Skill in evaluating the trustworthiness of the supplier and/or product.
- Ability to apply techniques for detecting host and network-based intrusions using intrusion detection technologies.
- Ability to integrate information security requirements into the acquisition process; using applicable baseline security controls as one of the sources for security requirements; ensuring a robust software quality control process; and establishing multiple sources (e.g., delivery routes, for critical system elements).
- Ability to identify critical infrastructure systems with information communication technology that were designed without system security considerations.
- Acquire and manage the necessary resources, including leadership support, financial resources, and key security personnel, to support information technology (IT) security goals and objectives and reduce overall organizational risk.
- Acquire necessary resources, including financial resources, to conduct an effective enterprise continuity of operations program.
- Advise senior management (e.g., Chief Information Officer [CIO]) on risk levels and security posture.
- Advise senior management (e.g., CIO) on cost/benefit analysis of information security programs, policies, processes, systems, and elements.
- Advise appropriate senior leadership or Authorizing Official of changes affecting the organization's cybersecurity posture.
- Collect and maintain data needed to meet system cybersecurity reporting.
- Communicate the value of information technology (IT) security throughout all levels of the organization stakeholders.
- Collaborate with stakeholders to establish the enterprise continuity of operations program, strategy, and mission assurance.
- Ensure that security improvement actions are evaluated, validated, and implemented as required.
- Ensure that cybersecurity inspections, tests, and reviews are coordinated for the network environment.
- Ensure that cybersecurity requirements are integrated into the continuity planning for that system and/or organization(s).
- Ensure that protection and detection capabilities are acquired or developed using the IS security engineering approach and are consistent with organization-level cybersecurity architecture.
- Establish overall enterprise information security architecture (EISA) with the organization's overall security strategy.
- Evaluate and approve development efforts to ensure that baseline security safeguards are appropriately installed.
- Evaluate cost/benefit, economic, and risk analysis in decision-making process.
- Identify alternative information security strategies to address organizational security objective.
- Identify information technology (IT) security program implications of new technologies or technology upgrades.
- Interface with external organizations (e.g., public affairs, law enforcement, Command or Component Inspector General) to ensure appropriate and accurate dissemination of incident and other Computer Network Defense information.
- Interpret and/or approve security requirements relative to the capabilities of new information technologies.
- Interpret patterns of noncompliance to determine their impact on levels of risk and/or overall effectiveness of the enterprise's cybersecurity program.
- Lead and align information technology (IT) security priorities with the security strategy.
- Lead and oversee information security budget, staffing, and contracting.
- Manage the monitoring of information security data sources to maintain organizational situational awareness.
- Manage the publishing of Computer Network Defense guidance (e.g., TCNOs, Concept of Operations, Net Analyst Reports, NTSM, MTOs) for the enterprise constituency.
- Manage threat or target analysis of cyber defense information and production of threat information within the enterprise.
- Monitor and evaluate the effectiveness of the enterprise's cybersecurity safeguards to ensure that they provide the intended level of protection.
- Oversee the information security training and awareness program.
- Participate in an information security risk assessment during the Security Assessment and Authorization process.
- Participate in the development or modification of the computer environment cybersecurity program plans and requirements.
- Prepare, distribute, and maintain plans, instructions, guidance, and standard operating procedures concerning the security of network system(s) operations.
- Provide enterprise cybersecurity and supply chain risk management guidance for development of the Continuity of Operations Plans.
- Provide leadership and direction to information technology (IT) personnel by ensuring that cybersecurity awareness, basics, literacy, and training are provided to operations personnel commensurate with their responsibilities.
- Provide system-related input on cybersecurity requirements to be included in statements of work and other appropriate procurement documents.
- Provide technical documents, incident reports, findings from computer examinations, summaries, and other situational awareness information to higher headquarters.
- Recognize a possible security violation and take appropriate action to report the incident, as required.
- Recommend resource allocations required to securely operate and maintain an organization's cybersecurity requirements.
- Recommend policy and coordinate review and approval.
- Supervise or manage protective or corrective measures when a cybersecurity incident or vulnerability is discovered.
- Track audit findings and recommendations to ensure that appropriate mitigation actions are taken.
- Use federal and organization-specific published documents to manage operations of their computing environment system(s).
- Promote awareness of security issues among management and ensure sound security principles are reflected in the organization's vision and goals.
- Oversee policy standards and implementation strategies to ensure procedures and guidelines comply with cybersecurity policies.
- Participate in Risk Governance process to provide security risks, mitigations, and input on other technical risk.
- Evaluate the effectiveness of procurement function in addressing information security requirements and supply chain risks through procurement activities and recommend improvements.
- Identify security requirements specific to an information technology (IT) system in all phases of the system life cycle.
- Ensure that plans of actions and milestones or remediation plans are in place for vulnerabilities identified during risk assessments, audits, inspections, etc.
- Assure successful implementation and functionality of security requirements and appropriate information technology (IT) policies and procedures that are consistent with the organization's mission and goals.
- Support necessary compliance activities (e.g., ensure that system security configuration guidelines are followed, compliance monitoring occurs).
- Participate in the acquisition process as necessary, following appropriate supply chain risk management practices.
- Ensure that all acquisitions, procurements, and outsourcing efforts address information security requirements consistent with organization goals.
- Continuously validate the organization against policies/guidelines/procedures/regulations/laws to ensure compliance.
- Forecast ongoing service demands and ensure that security assumptions are reviewed as necessary.
- Define and/or implement policies and procedures to ensure protection of critical infrastructure as appropriate.