- Knowledge of computer networking concepts and protocols, and network security methodologies.
- Knowledge of risk management processes (e.g., methods for assessing and mitigating risk).
- Knowledge of laws, regulations, policies, and ethics as they relate to cybersecurity and privacy.
- Knowledge of cybersecurity and privacy principles.
- Knowledge of cyber threats and vulnerabilities.
- Knowledge of specific operational impacts of cybersecurity lapses.
- Knowledge of computer algorithms.
- Knowledge of encryption algorithms
- Knowledge of database systems.
- Knowledge of organization's enterprise information security architecture.
- Knowledge of organization's evaluation and validation requirements.
- Knowledge of electrical engineering as applied to computer architecture (e.g., circuit boards, processors, chips, and computer hardware).
- Knowledge of resiliency and redundancy.
- Knowledge of installation, integration, and optimization of system components.
- Knowledge of human-computer interaction principles.
- Knowledge of cybersecurity and privacy principles and organizational requirements (relevant to confidentiality, integrity, availability, authentication, non-repudiation).
- Knowledge of information security systems engineering principles (NIST SP 800-160).
- Knowledge of information technology (IT) security principles and methods (e.g., firewalls, demilitarized zones, encryption).
- Knowledge of local area and wide area networking principles and concepts including bandwidth management.
- Knowledge of mathematics (e.g. logarithms, trigonometry, linear algebra, calculus, statistics, and operational analysis).
- Knowledge of microprocessors.
- Knowledge of network access, identity, and access management (e.g., public key infrastructure, Oauth, OpenID, SAML, SPML).
- Knowledge of operating systems.
- Knowledge of how traffic flows across the network (e.g., Transmission Control Protocol [TCP] and Internet Protocol [IP], Open System Interconnection Model [OSI], Information Technology Infrastructure Library, current version [ITIL]).
- Knowledge of parallel and distributed computing concepts.
- Knowledge of policy-based and risk adaptive access controls.
- Knowledge of Privacy Impact Assessments.
- Knowledge of process engineering concepts.
- Knowledge of secure configuration management techniques. (e.g., Security Technical Implementation Guides (STIGs), cybersecurity best practices on cisecurity.org).
- Knowledge of software development models (e.g., Waterfall Model, Spiral Model).
- Knowledge of software engineering.
- Knowledge of structured analysis principles and methods.
- Knowledge of system design tools, methods, and techniques, including automated systems analysis and design tools.
- Knowledge of system software and organizational design standards, policies, and authorized approaches (e.g., International Organization for Standardization [ISO] guidelines) relating to system design.
- Knowledge of system life cycle management principles, including software security and usability.
- Knowledge of systems testing and evaluation methods.
- Knowledge of telecommunications concepts (e.g., Communications channel, Systems Link Budgeting, Spectral efficiency, Multiplexing).
- Knowledge of the systems engineering process.
- Knowledge of Supply Chain Risk Management Practices (NIST SP 800-161)
- Knowledge of interpreted and compiled computer languages.
- Knowledge of information technology (IT) supply chain security and supply chain risk management policies, requirements, and procedures.
- Knowledge of critical infrastructure systems with information communication technology that were designed without system security considerations.
- Knowledge of network security architecture concepts including topology, protocols, components, and principles (e.g., application of defense-in-depth).
- Knowledge of network systems management principles, models, methods (e.g., end-to-end systems performance monitoring), and tools.
- Knowledge of service management concepts for networks and related standards (e.g., Information Technology Infrastructure Library, current version [ITIL]).
- Knowledge of security models (e.g., Bell-LaPadula model, Biba integrity model, Clark-Wilson integrity model).
- Knowledge of circuit analysis.
- Knowledge of cybersecurity-enabled software products.
- Knowledge of various types of computer architectures.
- Knowledge of Personally Identifiable Information (PII) data security standards.
- Knowledge of Payment Card Industry (PCI) data security standards.
- Knowledge of Personal Health Information (PHI) data security standards.
- Knowledge of security management.
- Knowledge of an organization's information classification program and procedures for information compromise.
- Knowledge of countermeasure design for identified security risks.
- Knowledge of cryptology.
- Knowledge of embedded systems.
- Knowledge of Information Theory (e.g., source coding, channel coding, algorithm complexity theory, and data compression).
- Knowledge of network protocols such as TCP/IP, Dynamic Host Configuration, Domain Name System (DNS), and directory services.
- Knowledge of network design processes, to include understanding of security objectives, operational objectives, and trade-offs.
- Knowledge of access authentication methods.
Systems Developer
Designs, develops, tests, and evaluates information systems throughout the systems development life cycle.
- Skill in creating policies that reflect system security objectives.
- Skill in designing countermeasures to identified security risks.
- Skill in designing security controls based on cybersecurity principles and tenets.
- Skill in designing the integration of hardware and software solutions.
- Skill in detecting host and network based intrusions via intrusion detection technologies (e.g., Snort).
- Skill in developing and applying security system access controls.
- Skill in discerning the protection needs (i.e., security controls) of information systems and networks.
- Skill in evaluating the adequacy of security designs.
- Skill in writing code in a currently supported programming language (e.g., Java, C++).
- Skill in conducting audits or reviews of technical systems.
- Skill in applying security controls.
- Skill in network systems management principles, models, methods (e.g., end-to-end systems performance monitoring), and tools.
- Skill in integrating and applying policies that meet system security objectives.
- Skill in creating policies that enable systems to meet performance objectives (e.g. traffic routing, SLA's, CPU specifications).
- Skill in the use of design modeling (e.g., unified modeling language).
- Skill to apply cybersecurity and privacy principles to organizational requirements (relevant to confidentiality, integrity, availability, authentication, non-repudiation).
- Ability to apply cybersecurity and privacy principles to organizational requirements (relevant to confidentiality, integrity, availability, authentication, non-repudiation).
- Ability to identify critical infrastructure systems with information communication technology that were designed without system security considerations.
- Analyze design constraints, analyze trade-offs and detailed system and security design, and consider life cycle support.
- Build, test, and modify product prototypes using working models or theoretical models.
- Design and develop cybersecurity or cybersecurity-enabled products.
- Design or integrate appropriate data backup capabilities into overall system designs, and ensure that appropriate technical and procedural processes exist for secure system backups and protected storage of backup data.
- Develop and direct system testing and validation procedures and documentation.
- Develop architectures or system components consistent with technical specifications.
- Develop Disaster Recovery and Continuity of Operations plans for systems under development and ensure testing prior to systems entering a production environment.
- Identify and direct the remediation of technical problems encountered during testing and implementation of new systems (e.g., identify and find work-arounds for communication protocols that are not interoperable).
- Identify and prioritize essential system functions or sub-systems required to support essential capabilities or business functions for restoration or recovery after a system failure or during a system recovery event based on overall system requirements for continuity and availability.
- Identify, assess, and recommend cybersecurity or cybersecurity-enabled products for use within a system and ensure that recommended products are in compliance with organization's evaluation and validation requirements.
- Perform risk analysis (e.g., threat, vulnerability, and probability of occurrence) whenever an application or system undergoes a major change.
- Provide guidelines for implementing developed systems to customers or installation teams.
- Provide input to the Risk Management Framework process activities and related documentation (e.g., system life-cycle support plans, concept of operations, operational procedures, and maintenance training materials).
- Store, retrieve, and manipulate data for analysis of system capabilities and requirements.
- Utilize models and simulations to analyze or predict system performance under different operating conditions.
- Implement and integrate system development life cycle (SDLC) methodologies (e.g., IBM Rational Unified Process) into development environment.
- Employ configuration management processes.
- Conduct a market analysis to identify, assess, and recommend commercial, Government off-the-shelf, and open source products for use within a system and ensure recommended products are in compliance with organization's evaluation and validation requirements.
- Design and develop system administration and management functionality for privileged access users.
- Design, implement, test, and evaluate secure interfaces between information systems, physical systems, and/or embedded technologies.
- Incorporates risk-driven systems maintenance updates process to address system deficiencies (periodically and out of cycle).
- Ensure that design and development activities are properly documented (providing a functional description of implementation) and updated as necessary.
- Design hardware, operating systems, and software applications to adequately address requirements.
- Design to security requirements to ensure requirements are met for all systems and/or applications.
- Develop detailed design documentation for component and interface specifications to support system design and development.
- Develop mitigation strategies to address cost, schedule, performance, and security risks.
- Identify components or elements, allocate comprehensive functional components to include security functions, and describe the relationships between the elements.
- Implement designs for new or existing system(s).
- Perform security reviews and identify security gaps in architecture.
- Provide input to implementation plans, standard operating procedures, maintenance documentation, and maintenance training materials
- Provide support to test and evaluation activities.
- Trace system requirements to design components and perform gap analysis.
- Verify stability, interoperability, portability, and/or scalability of system architecture.
- Analyze user needs and requirements to plan and conduct system development.
- Develop designs to meet specific operational needs and environmental factors (e.g., access controls, automated applications, networked operations.
- Collaborate on cybersecurity designs to meet specific operational needs and environmental factors (e.g., access controls, automated applications, networked operations, high integrity and availability requirements, multilevel security/processing of multiple classification levels, and processing Sensitive Compartmented Information).